![Lapis Lazuli (Na8[Al6Si6O24]n(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2 (Lazurite component)) — metamorphic](https://media.rockidentification.com/4378a95e-6dd9-45f2-9844-739eaa726868-compressed.jpg)
metamorphic
Lapis Lazuli
Na8[Al6Si6O24]n(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2 (Lazurite component)
Hardness: 5-5.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Deep royal blue with inclusions of golden pyrite and white calcite. Luster: Vitreous to greasy. Crystal structure: Isometric (aggregates). Cleavage: None. Specific gravity: 2.7–2.9.
- Hardness
- 5-5
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-5.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Deep royal blue with inclusions of golden pyrite and white calcite. Luster: Vitreous to greasy. Crystal structure: Isometric (aggregates). Cleavage: None. Specific gravity: 2.7–2.9.
Formation & geological history
Formed through contact metamorphism of limestone or marble by granitic or alkaline intrusions. It is typically found in ancient geological formations, often dating back over 60 million years in the Sar-e-sang mines.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry, decorative carvings, and sculptures. Historically, it was ground into powder to produce 'ultramarine', the most expensive blue pigment for Renaissance paintings.
Geological facts
Lapis Lazuli has been mined for over 6,500 years. It was highly prized in ancient Egypt for amulets and funeral masks, most notably the funeral mask of Tutankhamun.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its intense blue color and 'gold' specks of pyrite. Found primarily in Afghanistan (highest quality), Chile, Russia, and the USA (Colorado). Collectors look for deep saturation and minimal white calcite.
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