metamorphic
Black Marble
Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: Black with white and golden veins; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in calcite crystals; Specific Gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Black with white and golden veins
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: Black with white and golden veins; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in calcite crystals; Specific Gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of limestone or dolostone. Heat and pressure cause recrystallization of the original carbonate mineral grains. This specific aesthetic belongs to brecciated or veined varieties where minerals like pyrite or quartz fill fractures.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in architecture (flooring, cladding), interior design (countertops, spheres, decorative carvings), and ornamental art due to its ability to take a high polish.
Geological facts
The black color in marble is often caused by bituminous material or carbonaceous organic matter present in the original limestone. The white veining is usually pure calcite, while golden hues are often related to iron oxides or pyrite inclusions.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its softness (can be scratched by a steel knife) and its reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid (effervescence). Often found in mountainous regions of Italy, Spain, and China. Collectors look for unique vein patterns and lack of structural cracks.
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