metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Carbonate Rock (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White with grey/dark veins; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- White with grey/dark veins
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White with grey/dark veins; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed when limestone is subjected to high heat and pressure (metamorphism), causing recrystallization of calcite or dolomite minerals. Generally Proterozoic to Phanerozoic era.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, sculpture, flooring, countertops, and as a calcium supplement in agriculture.
Geological facts
The Taj Mahal is constructed almost entirely of white marble. Pure marble is white, but impurities like iron oxides or clay create the characteristic colorful veining seen in architectural slabs.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its soft surface (scratched by a steel blade) and its effervescent reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid. Found globally in mountainous regions like Carrara, Italy or Vermont, USA.
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