Nephrite Jade

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-6.5 Mohs; Color: Deep forest green with yellowish-brown oxidation; Luster: Greasy to vitreous; Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibrous amphibole; Cleavage: None (highly tough fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.0

Formation & Geological History

Formed via contact metamorphism or metasomatism of magnesium-rich limestones (dolomites) or ultramafic rocks in the presence of silica-rich fluids. Commonly found in serpentinite belts.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively for ornamental carvings, jewelry (cabochons and beads), axe heads in ancient cultures, and as a popular lapidary material for collectors.

Geological Facts

Nephrite is legendary for its toughness, which is actually greater than diamond due to its interwoven felt-like structure, making it incredibly difficult to break or chip.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its 'greasy' feel, extreme toughness when struck, and lack of visible crystals. Commonly found in riverbeds (alluvial deposits) or mountain ranges in British Columbia, New Zealand (Pounamu), and Siberia.

Identified on: 4/18/2026

Mode: Standard