mineral

Peridot

Olivine ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Lime green, olive green, or yellowish green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.27-3.37

Hardness: 6
Color: Lime green, olive green, or yellowish green
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified May 10, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Lime green, olive green, or yellowish green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.27-3.37

Formation & geological history

Peridot is one of only two gems (the other being diamond) formed not in the Earth's crust, but in molten rock of the upper mantle and brought to the surface by the forces of earthquakes and volcanoes. It can also be found in pallasite meteorites.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry (rings, pendants) and as a birthstone for August. High-quality specimens are highly sought after by mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Peridot is the gem variety of the mineral olivine. Some peridot specimens has been found in meteorites, meaning this gemstone literally falls from space. It is also found in the black sands of Hawaii.

Field identification & locations

Identified in the field by its distinct 'olive' green color which is constant (it is idiochromatic, meaning the color comes from the basic chemical composition, not impurities). Found in basaltic rocks and volcanic environments like Arizona, Egypt, and Myanmar.