Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 (Mohs scale); Color: honey-yellow, orange, or brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in salt water)

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the fossilization of resin from extinct coniferous trees (primarily Pinus succinifera). Most commercial amber dates back to the Eocene epoch, approximately 30-50 million years ago.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry, for decorative arts, and in scientific research if it contains inclusions (trapped insects or organics). It has historical use in incense and folk medicine.

Geological Facts

Amber is technically an organic gemstone rather than a mineral. It often acts as a 'time capsule,' preserving prehistoric flora and fauna in incredible detail for millions of years.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its light weight, resinous feel, and warmth to the touch (unlike stone). Common in areas of the Baltic Sea coast and the Dominican Republic. It may produce a static charge when rubbed with cloth.

Identified on: 4/22/2026

Mode: Standard