mineral
Quartz (Amethyst variety)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Purple to pale lavender, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Purple to pale lavender, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and geodes. The purple color comes from irradiation of iron impurities in the silica structure. Found in igneous and metamorphic environments.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used as a gemstone in jewelry, for decorative carvings, and highly valued by mineral collectors for its aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
The name amethyst comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to protect the wearer from drunkenness. It was once considered one of the five cardinal gems.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its purple hue and ability to scratch glass. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, and Africa. To identify in the field, look for hexagonal crystal points and conchoidal fractures.
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