mineral

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, brown, yellow, or multi-colored; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Red, brown, yellow, or multi-colored
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified May 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, brown, yellow, or multi-colored; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from water-bearing solutions, often in sedimentary environments or near volcanic activity where silica-rich fluids permeate porous rocks or volcanic ash.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in lapidary arts for jewelry, cabochons, and decorative ornaments; historically used for seal stones and early tools due to its hardness and durability.

Geological facts

Jasper is a microcrystalline variety of quartz. Its color is and opacity are derived from inclusions of various minerals, most commonly iron oxides which provide red and yellow hues.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its waxy to dull luster, conchoidal fracture, and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. Commonly found in river beds, beaches, and desert plains.