mineral

Hematite (Iron Ore)

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to steel grey or black; Luster: Metallic to earthy; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Streak: Cherry red to reddish-brown; Specific gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Reddish-brown to steel grey or black
Luster: Metallic to earthy

Identified April 8, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to steel grey or black; Luster: Metallic to earthy; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Streak: Cherry red to reddish-brown; Specific gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed in sedimentary environments as a result of oxygenation in the early atmosphere, commonly found in Banded Iron Formations (BIFs). Can also form through igneous activity or as a secondary mineral in weathering zones.

Uses & applications

Primary source of iron for steel manufacturing; also used as a pigment (ochre), in heavy media separation, and occasionally as a gemstone or in jewelry.

Geological facts

The name 'hematite' is derived from the Greek word 'haimatitis,' meaning blood-red, referring to the color of its streak. It is common on Mars, giving the 'Red Planet' its distinct color.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct red streak when scratched against a porcelain plate. Common in regions with ancient Precambrian rocks like the Lake Superior region or Western Australia. It is much heavier than it looks due to high iron content.