mineral

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with trace Fe2+)

Hardness: 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale. Color: Pale blue to light greenish-blue. Luster: Vitreous (glass-like). Crystal structure: Hexagonal. Cleavage: Indistinct. Specific gravity: 2.6 – 2.8.

Hardness: 7
Color: Pale blue to light greenish-blue
Luster: Vitreous (glass-like)

Identified March 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale. Color: Pale blue to light greenish-blue. Luster: Vitreous (glass-like). Crystal structure: Hexagonal. Cleavage: Indistinct. Specific gravity: 2.6 – 2.8.

Formation & geological history

Forms in pegmatites, which are igneous rock environments characterized by late-stage crystallization of cooling magma. These environments allow for large, high-purity crystals to grow over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Primary use is in high-end jewelry as a gemstone and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors. It is also a source of the element beryllium, used in aerospace and high-tech industries.

Geological facts

The name is derived from the Latin phrase 'aqua marina', meaning 'seawater', due to its color. It is the official birthstone for the month of March.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal crystal shape, lack of reaction to acid, and its ability to scratch glass easily. Common locations include Brazil (the largest producer), Madagascar, Pakistan, and the United States (Colorado).