mineral

Hematite

Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Reddish-brown to black; Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Reddish-brown to black
Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy

Identified May 7, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Reddish-brown to black; Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed in sedimentary environments as a result of iron precipitation in marine or fresh water; also found in hydrothermal veins and as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks. Most significant deposits are over 1.8 billion years old.

Uses & applications

Main ore of iron for steel production; used as a pigment (red ochre), for polishing compounds (jeweler's rouge), and in beads or carvings for jewelry.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Greek word 'haimatitis' meaning blood-like, due to the red color of its streak. It is the mineral responsible for the reddish tint of the soil on Mars.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its characteristic 'cherry red' streak when rubbed against a porcelain plate, even if the specimen appears black. It is also quite heavy for its size due to high iron content.