Aquamarine

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale), Color: Pale blue to greenish-blue, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: Imperfect/Indistinct, Specific Gravity: 2.66-2.80

Formation & Geological History

Formed in pegmatites and metamorphic rocks through hydrothermal processes involving beryllium-rich fluids during the cooling of granitic magma.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings). It is also a minor source of beryllium for industrial alloys.

Geological Facts

The name comes from the Latin 'aqua marina', meaning 'water of the sea'. It is the birthstone for March and was historically believed by sailors to protect them at sea.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its characteristic pale blue color, lack of inclusion (compared to emerald), and high hardness which resists scratching. Commonly found in Brazil, Pakistan, and Madagascar.

Identified on: 4/21/2026

Mode: Standard