mineral

Citrine Quartz

Citrine (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow to brownish orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Yellow to brownish orange
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow to brownish orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic environments, specifically in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins. Natural citrine is rare and often forms as amethyst or smoky quartz is heated by geothermal activity.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (faceting and cabochons), as decorative display specimens, and in holistic healing or collecting circles.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst. It is known as the 'Merchant's Stone' due to historical beliefs that it helps accumulate wealth.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and yellow-to-amber hue. Common locations include Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Madagascar, Russia, and Spain. Look for its transparency and hexagonal crystal tips.