mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Creamy white to translucent; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Creamy white to translucent
Luster: Vitreous to greasy

Identified April 3, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Creamy white to translucent; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed from cooling magma or hydrothermal veins. It is found in all types of environments (igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary) across all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used in glassmaking, abrasives, electronics (piezoelectric properties), jewelry (gemstones), and as a building material in gravel or sand.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to chemical and physical weathering, which is why it often remains as sand after other minerals have eroded away.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (it can scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and glassy appearance. It is found globally in mountains, riverbeds, and beaches.