mineral

Orange Quartz (Citrine or Iron-stained Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Rusty orange to pale yellow; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 Mohs scale
Color: Rusty orange to pale yellow
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified February 5, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Rusty orange to pale yellow; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous or metamorphic rocks through hydrothermal processes where silica-rich fluids crystallize in cavities. The orange color is often caused by micro-inclusions of iron oxides (hematite or goethite) or heat-related irradiation.

Uses & applications

Used primarily for jewelry (faceted or cabochon), metaphysical/healing purposes, and as decorative stone in landscaping or interior design.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is rare; many orange quartz specimens on the market are actually purple amethyst that has been heat-treated at 900 degrees Fahrenheit to turn it orange. If it looks very deep burnt-orange, it likely was treated.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (it should scratch glass),Lack of cleavage, and the tendency to find it in riverbeds or veins near granite. For collectors, look for clarity and natural terminations.

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