Mineral

Jasper

Silicon dioxide, SiO2

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Red, brown, yellow, green, or combination, Luster: Vitreous to dull, Crystal structure: Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific gravity: 2.5-2.9

Hardness: 6

Identified May 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica-rich fluids in cracks or cavities, often as a replacement for organic material or in sedimentary environments. Can also form from volcanic activity.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in lapidary arts, jewelry, carvings, and as a decorative stone. Historically used for tools and weapons due to its hardness and ability to hold a sharp edge.

Geological facts

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The reddish color in this specimen is likely due to the presence of iron oxide (hematite) impurities.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its waxy to dull luster, opacity, and hardness (can scratch glass). Commonly found worldwide in various geological settings, often tumbled or polished by nature in riverbeds.