mineral

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored by Chromium and/or Vanadium

Hardness: 7.5-8 on Mohs scale; Color: Emerald green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Hardness: 7
Color: Emerald green
Luster: Vitreous

Identified May 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8 on Mohs scale; Color: Emerald green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium and chromium/vanadium meet. Primarily associated with metamorphic rocks like schist or sedimentary carbonaceous limestone.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a precious gemstone in high-end jewelry and as a sought-after mineral specimen for collectors.

Geological facts

Emeralds are one of the 'Big Four' precious stones. Most emeralds contain internal fractures called 'jardin' (French for garden), which are used to identify natural vs. synthetic stones.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct green color and 6-sided hexagonal shape when in crystal form. Major deposits are found in Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, and Ethiopia. Collectors should look for inclusions and clarity.

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Mineral/Rock

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Metamorphic Rock

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mineral