mineral

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18)

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Light blue to teal; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Imperfect/Poor; Specific Gravity: 2.66-2.80

Hardness: 7
Color: Light blue to teal
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified April 28, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Light blue to teal; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Imperfect/Poor; Specific Gravity: 2.66-2.80

Formation & geological history

Formed in granitic pegmatites and hydrothermal veins through the cooling of mineral-rich magma. It is typically found in host rocks millions of years old, often in vugs or cavities where crystals can grow freely.

Uses & applications

Primary use is in high-end jewelry as a gemstone. It was historically used as an ore of beryllium, though it is now too valuable as a gemstone for industrial mining.

Geological facts

Aquamarine's name is derived from the Latin 'aqua marina', meaning 'water of the sea'. The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever mined was found in Brazil in 1910 and weighed 110.5 kilograms.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal crystal shape, lack of cleavage, and scratch resistance against quartz. Major deposits are found in Brazil, Pakistan, and Madagascar. Use a jeweler's loupe to look for distinctive liquid or tube-like inclusions.