Mineral

Hypersthene

Hypersthene (Enstatite variety), (Mg,Fe)SiO3

Hardness: 5.5-6 (Mohs); Color: Dark brown, black, or grey with a bronze-like metallic sheen (schiller); Luster: Pearly to sub-metallic; Crystal structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Perfect in two directions.

Hardness: 5
Luster: Pearly to sub-metallic

Identified March 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks and certain high-grade metamorphic rocks through the cooling of magma or intense pressure and heat. Commonly found in ancient crystalline basements.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone for collectors or in jewelry making (cabochons and beads) due to its unique optical 'velvet' effect. It is also a minor source of magnesium.

Geological facts

The name Hypersthene is derived from the Greek words for 'over' and 'strength,' referring to its greater hardness compared to the mineral hornblende which it often resembles. It is often referred to as 'Velvet Labradorite.'

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its characteristic bronze sheen (schiller effect) and dark, wood-grain-like fibrous appearance. Common locations include Canada (Paul's Island, Labrador), USA, and Norway.

Other mineral specimens

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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral

Epidote

Epidote - Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)3(SiO4)3(OH)

mineral