Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0–2.5 Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, orange, reddish-brown (as shown); Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Fracture: Conchoidal; Specific Gravity: 1.05–1.09 (floats in salt water).

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the fossilization of plant resin from ancient trees, typically from the Paleogene or Cretaceous periods. It is organic matter that has undergone polymerization under heat and pressure over millions of years.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in jewelry, decorative arts, and as a perfume ingredient. In science, it is used to study ancient DNA and prehistoric inclusions (insects/plants).

Geological Facts

Amber is not a true mineral but a mineraloid. It can preserve small organisms in 3D perfection for millions of years. The largest deposits are found in the Baltic region and the Dominican Republic.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its warmth to the touch (unlike stone), lightness, and ability to float in saturated saltwater. It often creates static electricity when rubbed with a cloth. Common in sedimentary deposits near coastlines.

Identified on: 4/16/2026

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