mineral

Native Sulfur

Sulfur (S)

Hardness: 1.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright yellow to yellowish-brown; Luster: Resinous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.07

Hardness: 1
Color: Bright yellow to yellowish-brown
Luster: Resinous to greasy

Identified February 5, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 1.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright yellow to yellowish-brown; Luster: Resinous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.07

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily through volcanic sublimation from hot gases, or by the breakdown of sulfide minerals in veins, and through bacterial action on sulfate minerals like gypsum. Found in volcanic regions and sedimentary salt dome caprocks.

Uses & applications

Used in the production of sulfuric acid, fertilizers, gunpowder, matches, insecticides, and in the vulcanization of rubber and pharmaceutical products.

Geological facts

Sulfur is often associated with a distinct 'rotten egg' smell when burned or reacted with acid. It was known as 'brimstone' in ancient times. It has one of the lowest melting points of any mineral at approximately 115 degrees Celsius.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its vivid yellow color, low hardness (can be scratched by a penny), and characteristic odor when rubbed or heated. Common locations include Sicily (Italy), Indonesia, and the Gulf Coast of the USA. Collectors should store specimens away from moisture and heat.