mineral

Hematite with Magnetite

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Black, steel gray, or reddish brown; Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26. It may display a reddish-brown streak when rubbed on unglazed porcelain.

Hardness: 5
Color: Black, steel gray, or reddish brown
Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic

Identified April 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily as a sedimentary precipitate in Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) during the Precambrian eon, or via hydrothermal activity in igneous environments. It often occurs as a replacement product of other minerals.

Uses & applications

The world's most important ore of iron used in the production of steel. It is also used as a heavy medium for separation, a pigment (ochre), in radiation shielding, and as a popular semi-precious stone for jewelry and metaphysical collections.

Geological facts

Hematite is found in abundance on Mars, which gives the 'Red Planet' its signature color. It is named from the Greek word 'haima,' meaning blood, due to the reddish color it produces when powdered.

Field identification & locations

Identified in the field by its high density (heavy for its size) and its diagnostic reddish-brown streak. Common in mining districts such as the Lake Superior region (USA), Brazil, and Australia. Collectors should look for its metallic sheen and check for slight magnetism if magnetite is present.