mineral (synthetic)

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Hardness: 8.0-8.5 Mohs. Color: Colorless (in this specimen). Luster: Adamantine. Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric. Cleavage: None. Specific Gravity: 5.6-6.0 (heavier than diamond).

Hardness: 8
Color: Colorless (in this specimen)
Luster: Adamantine

Identified March 11, 2026More mineral (synthetic) →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 8.0-8.5 Mohs. Color: Colorless (in this specimen). Luster: Adamantine. Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric. Cleavage: None. Specific Gravity: 5.6-6.0 (heavier than diamond).

Formation & geological history

Laboratory-created via a process called the skull melt method, where zirconium oxide powder is heated by radio-frequency induction heating to nearly 5,000°F (2,750°C). Formation time is typically hours to days in a controlled environment.

Uses & applications

Primary use is as a diamond stimulant in jewelry (rings, earrings, pendants). Also used as a thermal insulator in industrial applications and in optical components.

Geological facts

First synthesized in 1937, it didn't enter the jewelry market commercially until 1976. Unlike diamonds, it is an excellent thermal insulator and possesses higher dispersion, meaning it flashes more colorful 'fire' than a diamond.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its weight (significantly heavier than a diamond of the same size) and lack of natural inclusions under magnification. In the 'field' of retail, look for an orange/yellow glow under UV light and a tendency to scratch or dull over time, unlike diamond.

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