Sandstone (likely Quartzose Sandstone)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (depends on cementation); Color: Tan, beige, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or marine environments over millions of years.

Uses & Applications

Commonly used as a building material, in glass manufacturing (if high silica), and for artistic carvings or paving stones.

Geological Facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Distinctive red sandstones (like those in the Grand Canyon) get their color from iron oxide (hematite) coatings on the grains.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. It is extremely common worldwide. Collectors look for unique shapes (like this heart/ventifact shape) or fossil inclusions.

Identified on: 4/25/2026

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