Quartz

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Clear to yellowish/tan (smoky or citrine tint). Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or precipitation from hydrothermal veins. It is found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments across all geological ages.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively in glass manufacturing, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, construction as sand/gravel, and as gemstones in jewelry.

Geological Facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical and physical weathering.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its ability to scratch glass and its lack of cleavage. Look for conchoidal (shell-like) fractures. It is found globally in almost any mountainous or riverbed environment.

Identified on: 5/19/2026

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