mineral

Amethyst

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities), SiO2

Hardness: 7 Mohs; Color: Pale violet to deep purple; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 Mohs
Color: Pale violet to deep purple
Luster: Vitreous

Identified June 21, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 Mohs; Color: Pale violet to deep purple; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings within volcanic rock cavities (geodes). The purple color comes from irradiation of iron impurities within the quartz crystal lattice.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (as a gemstone), ornamental carvings, and widely collected by mineral enthusiasts for aesthetic and metaphysical purposes.

Geological facts

Amethyst is the official birthstone for February. The name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was historically believed to protect its wearer from drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its purple color and 7-scale hardness. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Look for hexagonal crystal points and its inability to be scratched by a steel knife.

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