mineral

Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Yellow to brownish-orange, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Identified April 4, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Yellow to brownish-orange, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic environments, specifically in pegmatites or hydrothermal veins. Natural citrine is rare and often forms when amethyst or smoky quartz is subjected to natural heat from the Earth's crust.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone in jewelry, as well as for lapidary decor, crystal healing collections, and industrial glass production in its impure forms.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. One of the largest faceted citrines weighs over 20,000 carats and is known as the Malaga Citrine.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (scratches glass) and lack of cleavage. In the field, look for hexagonal prismatic crystals. Major deposits are found in Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia.