mineral

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown, green, or yellow-ochre; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Reddish-brown, green, or yellow-ochre
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified March 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica into cracks and voids in volcanic rock or in sedimentary environments. Its age varies by location, often associated with Precambrian or Paleozoic formations.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in lapidary work for cabochons, jewelry, decorative ornaments, and as a semi-precious collector's stone. Historically used for tools and seal stones.

Geological facts

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name stems from the Greek 'iaspis,' meaning spotted stone. It has been used for thousands of years as a protective amulet.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass), opacity, and smooth, waxy surface when wet. Commonly found in riverbeds, desert landscapes, and volcanic regions worldwide, especially in the US (Oregon, Idaho), India, and Brazil.