tektite (impact glass)
Libyan Desert Glass
Impactite silica glass (SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale yellow, honey, or greenish-yellow; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: approx. 2.2
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Pale yellow, honey, or greenish-yellow
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale yellow, honey, or greenish-yellow; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: approx. 2.2
Formation & geological history
Formed approximately 26 to 29 million years ago during the Oligocene epoch. It was created by the intense heat and pressure of a high-energy meteorite airburst or impact in the Great Sand Sea of the eastern Sahara Desert, melting high-purity desert sand into glass.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in high-end jewelry, lapidary art, and metabolic/meditation practices. Historically, it was used by ancient Egyptians for jewelry and amulets, notably appearing in Tutankhamun's pectoral centerpiece.
Geological facts
It is one of the rarest natural glasses on Earth. Chemical analysis often reveals traces of the meteorite itself, such as osmium and iridium. The most famous specimen is carved into a scarab beetle set in King Tutankhamun's burial jewelry.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinctive 'frosted' wind-worn surface (ventifact), bubble inclusions, and intense pale yellow translucency. It is found exclusively in the scattered strewn field across the border of Libya and Egypt. Collectors look for pieces with high clarity or dark 'lechatelierite' swirls.
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