Mineral

Peridot

Olivine ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Lime, yellowish-green to olive green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.2-4.3

Hardness: 6
Color: Lime, yellowish-green to olive green
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 21, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Lime, yellowish-green to olive green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.2-4.3

Formation & geological history

Formed deep in the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity or within tectonic plate shifts. It is also found in pallasite meteorites. Geological age ranges from millions to billions of years depending on the deposit.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry (birthstone for August). Historically used as a protective talisman. Large, high-quality specimens are highly sought after by mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color: green. It has been found in meteorites and on Mars, and was famously dubbed the 'Evening Emerald' by the Romans because its color does not darken at night.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct olive-green hue and strong double refraction (doubling of back facets when viewed through the table). In the field, look for volcanic glass or basaltic rocks. Major locations include Arizona (USA), Myanmar, Pakistan, and Egypt.