mineral

Beryl (Emerald or Aquamarine in Matrix)

Beryllium Aluminum Silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18)

Hardness: 7.5-8 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (often forming prismatic columns); Cleavage: Imperfect/Basal; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.90

Hardness: 7
Color: Pale green to bluish-green
Luster: Vitreous to greasy

Identified March 7, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in granitic pegmatites and hydrothermal veins. The presence of trace amounts of chromium/vanadium creates emerald green, while iron creates aquamarine blue. Often found in metamorphic rocks like schists during high-pressure formation.

Uses & applications

Primary source of Beryllium for aerospace/defense industries; used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry; prized as a specimen for mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Beryl is naturally colorless (known as Goshenite); the vibrant colors only appear due to impurities. It is the host mineral for some of the world's most expensive gems. Giant crystals have been found measuring up to 18 meters in length.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal crystal habit, high hardness (will scratch glass easily), and lack of distinct cleavage. Commonly found in Brazil, Pakistan, Russia, and North Carolina (USA).

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