mineral

White Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to translucent; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Milky white to translucent
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 22, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to translucent; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed from the crystallization of silica-rich hydrothermal fluids or the cooling of magma in igneous rocks. While found in formations of all ages, it frequently occurs in veins within metamorphic and igneous terrains.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in glassmaking, abrasives, foundry sand, and the ceramic industry. High-purity varieties are used in electronics and clocks. It is also common in landscaping, construction gravel, and as a semi-precious gemstone in jewelry.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Its name comes from the German word 'Quarz', which had its origins in Middle High German and Slavic words meaning 'hard'.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and glassy appearance. It is found globally, often as a 'landscape rock' or in riverbeds. To collect, look for heavy white veins in darker host rocks.