mineral

Black Onyx and Verdigris Copper Jewelry

Chalcedony (SiO2) with Copper Patina

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Onyx); Color: Jet black and verdigris blue-green; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (cryptocrystalline); Specific Gravity: 2.65-2.67

Hardness: 6
Color: Jet black and verdigris blue-green
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified June 16, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Onyx); Color: Jet black and verdigris blue-green; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (cryptocrystalline); Specific Gravity: 2.65-2.67

Formation & geological history

Onyx forms in gas cavities in lava by the deposition of silica. The copper bead showcases a surface oxidation process (patina) characteristic of aged copper minerals like malachite or azurite.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry, decorative arts, and lapidary work. Onyx has been a popular gemstone for cameos and intaglios since ancient Roman times.

Geological facts

Onyx was used in ancient Egypt to make bowls and other pottery. The word 'onyx' comes from the Greek word for 'fingernail', referring to its translucent quality in some varieties.

Field identification & locations

Identify onyx by its smooth, waxy luster and lack of grain. True copper verdigris is identified by its specific blue-green hue and powdery or metallic texture underneath. Common in Southwestern jewelry styles.

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