mineral

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with iron impurities)

Hardness: 7.5 to 8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.67 to 2.74

Hardness: 7
Color: Pale blue to light green
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5 to 8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.67 to 2.74

Formation & geological history

Formed in pegmatites and metamorphic rocks through hydrothermal processes. Most gem-quality mineral specimens are found in granitic pegmatite veins where magma cools slowly over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in high-quality jewelry. Industrial beryl is a source of beryllium, used in aerospace and high-tech alloys, though gem-quality specimens are rarely used for this.

Geological facts

The name is derived from the Latin 'aqua marina' meaning sea water. It is the birthstone for March. The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was the Marambaia specimen from Brazil, weighing 110 kg (243 lbs).

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal crystal habit and sea-foam color. Commonly found in Brazil, Madagascar, Nigeria, and parts of the United States (Colorado). Collectors look for clarity, color saturation, and absence of inclusions.

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