mineral

Hematite

Hematite (Α-Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs scale; Color: Dark brownish-black to steel grey; Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Gravity: 4.9-5.3

Hardness: 5
Color: Dark brownish-black to steel grey
Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic

Identified May 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs scale; Color: Dark brownish-black to steel grey; Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Gravity: 4.9-5.3

Formation & geological history

Forms in sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic environments. Common in banded iron formations through the oxidation of iron-rich sediments under hydrothermal conditions.

Uses & applications

Major ore for iron production, used as a pigment (red ochre), for jewelry when polished, and as a polishing abrasive (jeweler's rouge).

Geological facts

The name comes from the Greek word 'haimatitis' meaning blood-like, because when scratched or powdered, it leaves a reddish-brown streak. It is common on the surface of Mars, contributing to the planet's red appearance.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by checking the streak; it should leave a reddish-brown mark on an unglazed porcelain plate. Heavy for its size. Found globally in large deposits like Lake Superior (USA) and Brazil.