mineral

Garnet (Almandine)

Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Hardness: 6.5-7.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Deep red to reddish-brown, sometimes nearly black. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal Structure: Isometric (often dodecahedral). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 3.5 - 4.3.

Hardness: 6
Color: Deep red to reddish-brown, sometimes nearly black
Luster: Vitreous to resinous

Identified March 28, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions during regional metamorphism of clay-rich sedimentary rocks (like shale) into schist or gneiss. It is also found in some igneous rocks.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a gemstone in jewelry (birthstone for January), but its major industrial use is as an abrasive for waterjet cutting and sandblasting due to its hardness.

Geological facts

Garnet has been used as a gemstone for thousands of years; ancient Egyptians were buried with garnet necklaces, and it was widely used in Ancient Rome for signet rings and jewelry.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its high density (heavy for its size) and deep 'wine-red' color when held up to a strong light. Commonly found in metamorphic terrains like the Adirondack Mountains (NY) or India.