mineral
Gold
Native Gold (Au)
Hardness: 2.5-3.0 (Mohs); Color: Metallic yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 19.3 (pure gold)
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Metallic yellow
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-3.0 (Mohs); Color: Metallic yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 19.3 (pure gold)
Formation & geological history
Formed through hydrothermal processes in quartz veins, or concentrated in sedimentary environments as placer deposits. Geological age varies widely from Archean to recent.
Uses & applications
Primary use in jewelry, investment/currency bullion, high-end electronics, and dentistry due to its conductivity and resistance to oxidation.
Geological facts
Gold is so extremely ductile that a single ounce can be stretched into a wire five miles long. It is a 'noble metal,' meaning it does not rust or tarnish under normal conditions.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct yellow streak, extreme density, and malleability (it will dent or bend rather than shatter). Commonly found in California, South Africa, Australia, and Alaska.
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