mineral

Amethyst

Amethyst (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple to violet due to iron impurities and irradiation; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Purple to violet due to iron impurities and irradiation
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified April 4, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins and cavities (geodes) of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Most specimens are from the Jurassic to Cretaceous periods, particularly found in volcanic basalt pockets.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used for jewelry, lapidary arts, and as decorative collector specimens. Historically used for drinking vessels and in crystal healing practices.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Ancient Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to protect the wearer from drunkenness. It is the birthstone for February.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its purple color, crystal habit (six-sided prisms), and its ability to scratch glass but not topaz. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea.