metamorphic
Schist (with Iron Oxide)
Mica Schist
Hardness: 3.5 - 5 (Mohs scale); Color: Silvery-gray, black, with brownish-orange iron staining; Luster: Pearly to sub-metallic; Crystal structure: Foliated (schistose); Cleavage: Perfect in one direction (due to mica); Specific gravity: 2.7–2.8
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- Silvery-gray, black, with brownish-orange iron staining
- Luster
- Pearly to sub-metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5 - 5 (Mohs scale); Color: Silvery-gray, black, with brownish-orange iron staining; Luster: Pearly to sub-metallic; Crystal structure: Foliated (schistose); Cleavage: Perfect in one direction (due to mica); Specific gravity: 2.7–2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of shale or mudstone under medium-grade heat and pressure. It is characterized by the alignment of platy minerals like micas, typically found in mountain-building regions.
Uses & applications
Used as a decorative stone in landscaping, for flagstones, and historically as a construction material for walls or roofing. Limited use in industrial fillers.
Geological facts
Schist is unique because it is composed of individual mineral grains that are visible to the naked eye. The word 'schist' is derived from the Greek word 'schizein', meaning 'to split', referring to its ease of splitting along the mica layers.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct layered (foliated) appearance and the 'glitter' produced by mica flakes. It splits easily into thin sheets. Commonly found in metamorphic belts like the Appalachians or the Alps.
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