mineral

Vanadinite

Vanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3Cl)

Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: bright red, orange-red, or brownish-red; Luster: Adamantine to resinous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (tabular/prismatic); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 6.8 - 7.1 (very heavy).

Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale
Color: bright red, orange-red, or brownish-red
Luster: Adamantine to resinous

Identified February 6, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zone of lead-bearing deposits. Lead is oxidized and reacts with vanadium-rich solutions commonly derived from the weathering of nearby volcanic rocks or sedimentary layers.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of vanadium, which is used to strengthen steel alloys. It is also highly prized as a collector's mineral due to its vibrant color and distinct crystal morphology.

Geological facts

Vanadinite is a member of the apatite group. It is notable for its high density due to its lead content; a small specimen will feel surprisingly heavy in the hand compared to its size.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal 'barley-sugar' or tabular crystals, high density, and vibrant red/orange color. Common locations include Morocco (Mibladen), Arizona (US), and Namibia.