metamorphic
Marble
Metamorphosed Limestone (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: Gray and white with black swirling veins; Luster: Subvitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral (in individual calcite grains); Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.8
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Gray and white with black swirling veins
- Luster
- Subvitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: Gray and white with black swirling veins; Luster: Subvitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral (in individual calcite grains); Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.8
Formation & geological history
Created through the regional or contact metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks (usually limestone or dolostone) under high heat and pressure, causing recrystallization of the original carbonate minerals.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction, sculpture, flooring, and home decor items like coasters, countertops, and tabletops due to its aesthetic appeal and polishability.
Geological facts
The characteristic swirls and veins found in marble are usually the result of various mineral impurities such as clay, silt, sand, or iron oxides which were present as grains or layers in the original limestone.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its softness (relative to granite) and its reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid (it will effervesce). It is commonly found in mountainous regions with a history of tectonic activity.
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