mineral

Amethyst

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Purple, violet, or lavender
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 20, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins and hollow cavities (geodes) within igneous rocks. The purple color is caused by natural irradiation of trace iron impurities within the quartz crystal lattice.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings), as decorative specimens for collectors, and in metaphysical or spiritual practices.

Geological facts

Amethyst was considered a cardinal gem until huge deposits were found in Brazil in the 19th century. Its name comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to prevent drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct purple hue and quartz-like transparency. It will scratch glass but not topaz. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Look for hexagonal crystal points in geodes.

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