mineral

Gemstones (Emerald and Yellow Topaz or Citrine)

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) and Quartz (SiO2) or Topaz (Al2SiO4(F,OH)2)

Hardness: 7 to 8 on Mohs scale; Color: Emerald green and yellow; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal System: Hexagonal (Beryl), Trigonal (Quartz), or Orthorhombic (Topaz).

Hardness: 7 to 8 on Mohs scale
Color: Emerald green and yellow
Luster: Vitreous

Identified June 1, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 to 8 on Mohs scale; Color: Emerald green and yellow; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal System: Hexagonal (Beryl), Trigonal (Quartz), or Orthorhombic (Topaz).

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous pegmatites, hydrothermal veins, and metamorphic rocks such as mica schists. These minerals dates back to various geological eras depending on location.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in fine jewelry, pendants, and as investment-grade collector specimens.

Geological facts

Emeralds have been mined since 1500 BCE in Egypt. Citrine is often called the 'Merchant's Stone' for its association with wealth.

Field identification & locations

Identify by color and clarity under magnification. Emeralds often contain 'jardin' (internal inclusions). Commonly found in Brazil, Colombia, and Zambia.

Other mineral specimens

See all

Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Biotite Schist

Biotite-rich Schist [K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2]

metamorphic