mineral

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black with metallic sparkles; Luster: Metallic, submetallic, or earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26.

Hardness: 5-6
Color: Steel-gray to black with metallic sparkles
Luster: Metallic, submetallic, or earthy

Identified April 7, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black with metallic sparkles; Luster: Metallic, submetallic, or earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26.

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal processes, sedimentary precipitation in iron formations, or contact metamorphism. Often found in Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) dating back billions of years (Proterozoic Eon).

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron for steel production; used as a heavy media separation agent, in pigments (polishing rouge), and as a minor gemstone or ornamental stone.

Geological facts

Specularite gets its name from the Latin 'speculum' (mirror) because of its reflective, glittering surface. Despite its metallic gray look, it leaves a reddish-brown streak when rubbed on a porcelain plate.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its high density (weight), metallic glitter, and diagnostic reddish-brown streak. Common locations include the Lake Superior region (USA), Brazil, and South Africa.