metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically dark green to grayish-green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic (fibrous/interlocking aggregates); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.90–3.03
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Typically dark green to grayish-green
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
Identified More metamorphic →
Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically dark green to grayish-green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic (fibrous/interlocking aggregates); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.90–3.03
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of magnesium-rich rocks (like serpentinite) or dolomitic limestones reacted with silica-rich fluids. It occurs in mountain-building (orogenic) zones and is often found as river-worn boulders.
Uses & applications
Used extensively for ornamental carvings, jewelry (pendants and beads), tools historically (axes), and decorative interior finishes.
Geological facts
Nephrite is famous for its incredible toughness—it is more resistant to fracturing than diamond due to its interlocking fibrous structure. It was highly valued in ancient China and by the Maori of New Zealand for both spiritual and practical purposes.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its waxy/greasy luster when wet and extreme heaviness/toughness; it cannot be scratched by a common steel knife easily. Commonly found in British Columbia (Canada), New Zealand, China, and Wyoming (USA).
More like this
