mineral

Garnet

Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Hardness: 6.5-7.5; Color: Deep red to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to resinous; Crystal System: Isometric (often dodecahedral); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 3.5-4.3

Hardness: 6
Color: Deep red to reddish-brown
Luster: Vitreous to resinous

Identified June 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7.5; Color: Deep red to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to resinous; Crystal System: Isometric (often dodecahedral); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 3.5-4.3

Formation & geological history

Formed during regional metamorphism of clay-rich sedimentary rocks (shales) or in igneous rocks like pegmatites. These specimens typically originate from metamorphic schist or gneiss.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as an abrasive in sandpaper and waterjet cutting, as a gemstone in jewelry, and for geological dating and thermobarometry.

Geological facts

Garnet is the birthstone for January. Because it is highly resistant to chemical and physical weathering, it is often found in river sands as 'heavy mineral' deposits.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its deep red color, high hardness, and equi-dimensional crystal shape. Found globally, with notable deposits in New York (USA), India, and Madagascar. Look for reddish crystals embedded in mica schists.