Aquamarine

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7.5–8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: Imperfect/Poor; Specific Gravity: 2.66–2.80

Formation & Geological History

Formed in granitic pegmatites and metamorphic rocks (schists). Usually produced by hydrothermal activity during the cooling stages of magma bodies.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings). It is also a source mineral for beryllium used in high-tech aerospace alloys.

Geological Facts

The name 'Aquamarine' comes from the Latin 'aqua marina', meaning sea water. It was historically believed by sailors to protect against the perils of the ocean. The largest gem-quality crystal ever found was in Marambaia, Brazil, weighing 110 kg.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal prismatic crystals, high hardness, and pale blue color. Commonly found in Brazil, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Madagascar. Look for it in high-temperature mineral veins.

Identified on: 4/26/2026

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