![Lapis Lazuli (Lapis Lazuli (Complex silicate: Na8[Al6Si6O24]Sn)) — metamorphic](https://media.rockidentification.com/69297836-a828-4e30-b9ab-ec222a3cf11d-compressed.jpg)
metamorphic
Lapis Lazuli
Lapis Lazuli (Complex silicate: Na8[Al6Si6O24]Sn)
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs); Color: Deep blue with white (calcite) and gold (pyrite) inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Isometric (lazurite component); Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.9
- Hardness
- 5-5
- Color
- Deep blue with white (calcite) and gold (pyrite) inclusions
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs); Color: Deep blue with white (calcite) and gold (pyrite) inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Isometric (lazurite component); Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.9
Formation & geological history
Formed through contact metamorphism of limestone or marble by hydrothermal processes. Ancient deposits in Afghanistan date back over 6,000 years.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in jewelry, ornamental carvings, pigment (ultramarine), and as a collector's gemstone.
Geological facts
Lapis lazuli was ground into powder to create the most expensive pigment of the Renaissance, Ultramarine, used by artists like Michelangelo and Vermeer.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic 'royal blue' color with brassy yellow specks of pyrite. Commonly found in Afghanistan (Sar-i Sang), Russia, Chile, and California.
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