mineral

Yellow Quartz (Citrine or Iron-Stained Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale yellow to golden amber; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Pale yellow to golden amber
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified February 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale yellow to golden amber; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks, specifically in pegmatites or hydrothermal veins where silicon-rich fluids cool. The yellow coloration is often due to trace amounts of iron or natural geothermal irradiation.

Uses & applications

Used widely in jewelry (faceting and cabochons), as metaphysical healing stones, and in the production of glass and electronic components when high purity silica is required.

Geological facts

Naturally occurring yellow quartz (Citrine) is quite rare; most commercial citrine is actually heat-treated amethyst. It is known as the 'Success Stone' in historical folklore.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass easily), lack of cleavage, and smooth, rounded water-worn texture if found in riverbeds. Common in Brazil, Madagascar, and the USA.

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