Gold

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Golden yellow to brassy yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 19.3 (very high).

Formation & Geological History

Primary gold forms in hydrothermal veins associated with volcanic or metamorphic activities. Secondary gold is found in placer deposits where it has been concentrated by water flow in rivers and streams.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively in jewelry, electronics (due to high conductivity and corrosion resistance), dentistry, and as a financial investment/currency reserve.

Geological Facts

Gold is incredibly ductile; a single ounce can be drawn into a wire over 50 miles long. It is also one of the few metals that does not oxidize or tarnish in air or water.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its high density (weight), malleability (it bends rather than breaks), and metallic sheen that does not change under different lighting. Commonly found in quartz veins or as nuggets in riverbeds.

Identified on: 4/23/2026

Mode: Standard